• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method for obtaining a foundation piling and foundation pile obtained with this method that gives rise to a deep or piloted foundation with an optimization of the cross section of the pile and a minimization of the use of concrete, the method comprises the positioning of at least one shuttering in the cavity such that an annular space is defined as a pipe between the shuttering and the external wall of the cavity, an armor being placed in the annular space and said armature being linked to the shuttering, in which concrete is poured in the annular space, further comprising the pouring of filling material into a shell of the formwork. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2555702A1
    申请号:ES201430980
    申请日:2014-06-30
    公开日:2016-01-07
    发明作者:Ángel Juan GARCÍA-FONTANET MOLINA；Marcos ARROYO ÁLVAREZ DE TOLEDO；Juan Andrés PESET IRIBARREN
    申请人:Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya UPC；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The purpose of this application is to register a method for obtaining a foundation pile and a foundation pile obtained by means of said method that incorporates notable innovations.
    More specifically, the invention proposes the development of a method that allows to obtain an excavated pile for deep or piloted foundation with an optimization of the cross-section of the pile and a minimization of the use of concrete.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Methods for the construction of in situ piles of annular section in the field are known in the state of the art, one of the most common being the use of a cast mold consisting of a double jacket that displaces the material from the ground by pouring, pouring the concrete between the shirt and the ground, and later removing the shirt. However, due to the nature of this method, its use is limited to fields of materials classified as soft.
    Another example is disclosed in document CN102359110-A, which describes a method for the construction of piles with an orifice obtained by drilling large dimensions. This method consists in the prefabrication of several reinforcement modules, each reinforcement module being manufactured by means of a carbon fiber reinforced plastic structure. When using armor modules, the drilling must be of standard measures, multiple of the prefabricated module, not allowing the freedom to choose the pile depth according to the particular needs of the project; In order to compensate for the possible differences with the required depth and seal the assembly, it is planned to apply a concrete base at the bottom of the hole that implies a greater use of said material, increasing the time of preparation of the pile. Other problems posed by the invention described in this Chinese document are related to health and safety in the workplace since the need to join the different armor modules together implies the use of labor in conditions that in turn can involve the risk of occupational accidents; In addition, the need to make the connections between the reinforcement modules also implies extending the construction period for each pile.
    Another drawback of the method described in said document is the need to fix each section of structure made of plastic and carbon fiber, which implies a greater use of labor; This is coupled with the relatively high price of carbon fiber, resulting in higher construction costs. In addition to pouring concrete into the carbon fiber reinforced plastic structure, this structure tends to float and therefore to move from its ideal location so there is a risk that the constructed pile does not meet the mechanical requirements of the project. The use of reinforcing bars that project radially with respect to the pile is required, which implies prolonging construction work and the use of a greater amount of material.
    For its part, US4504173 describes an apparatus that allows drilling and applying concrete for the construction of annular piles. However, the use of this solution implies a complexity of the drilling machinery and the impossibility of obtaining piles with an armed structure, which limits the application of this device to projects in which the piles that do not require a high resistance. If it is necessary to use the object of this patent for the construction of piles with high solicitations, a ring with a much larger cross section and, in any case, reinforced. This would imply a higher consumption of materials.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention has been developed in order to provide a method for obtaining a foundation pile and a foundation pile that solves the aforementioned drawbacks, also providing additional advantages that will be apparent from the description to be accompanies next.
    It is therefore an object of the present invention a method for obtaining a foundation pile in a preferably excavated cavity, comprising the positioning of at least one formwork in the cavity such that an annular space is defined as a pipe between the formwork and a wall of the cavity, placing a reinforcement in the annular space and linking said reinforcement to the formwork, in which concrete is poured into the annular space, further comprising the pouring of filler material into a recess of the formwork.
    Thanks to these characteristics, a method that minimizes the use of concrete is achieved, since when using an armed structure, the mechanical properties of the pile obtained by the invention are significantly improved, and therefore an optimization is obtained in the cross-section of the pile and in the use of concrete, unlike the American document US4504173 that due to its characteristics incapacitate it to use said armed structure. This assembly is also not limited to a specific material, so that steel reinforcement may be used, a material more readily available than for example carbon fiber, and with lower costs than in document CN102359110-A. In addition, the linkage of the reinforcement to the formwork and the ballast of the same with filling material, anchor this formwork in position, eliminating the risk of flotation due to the forces induced by the thrust of the fresh concrete and in an economically advantageous way. Additionally, this method can be applied to obtain any pile dimension, since it is not limited by the use of prefabricated reinforcement modules as in document CN102359110-A of the prior art. This method can be carried out on any type of terrain, since it does not require the exclusive use of drills as in US4504173 or casts of the prior art.
    To reduce the duration of the method, the concrete can be poured simultaneously to the formwork filling material and advantageously use self-compacting concrete. This type of self-compacting concrete has a significantly better performance than conventional concrete against processes of aggregate segregation derived from both the effect of gravitational force and the impact of coarse aggregate on the passive reinforcement of the foundation pile. However, the object of the present invention does not exclusively require the use of this self-compacting concrete.
    The object of the present invention is also a foundation pile, obtained by the method described above, in a preferably excavated cavity, comprising a formwork positioned in the cavity such that at least one annular space in the form of a pipe between the formwork is defined and the wall of the cavity, armor having been provided in the annular space and being linked
    the formwork reinforcement with joining means, in which the annular space isat least partially filled with concrete.
    Thanks to these characteristics a foundation pile with a section is achievedtransverse optimized in the sense that by using an armor you can reduce theconcrete cross section compared to the foundation piles of thestate of the art in a simpler and faster way.
    Preferably the formwork is a tube of synthetic material, preferably acorrugated tube of plastic material.
    Advantageously the joining means comprise at least one element ofconnection between the frame and the formwork, in which the connection elementit has at least one elongated body with two end sections parallel to each otherand joined together with a central section describing an angle to the sectionsends, each of the extreme sections being linked respectively with theformwork and armor; the angle may preferably be between90º and 180º. These joining means may additionally comprise at leasta clamp arranged between the formwork and one of the extreme sections of theconnection element.
    Other characteristics and advantages of the method and the foundation pile obtained by themethod objects of the present invention will be apparent from the descriptionof a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment illustrated by way of example notlimiting in the accompanying drawings, in which:
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figure 1.-It is a schematic view of a longitudinal section of a formworkpositioned in a cavity;Figure 2.- It is a schematic view of a longitudinal section of a pile offoundation according to the invention positioned in the cavity of figure 1;Figure 3.- It is a schematic plan view of the foundation pile of Figure 2;YFigure 4.-It is a schematic view of a connection element in a portion of thefoundation pile of figure 2.

    DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
    In view of the aforementioned figures and, according to the numbering adopted, an example of a preferred embodiment of the invention can be observed therein, which comprises the parts and elements indicated and described in detail below. Some non-visible elements have been represented using dashed lines.
    A foundation pile 1 can be seen in Figures 1-4 in a preferably excavated cavity 2 comprising a formwork 3 positioned in the cavity such that at least one annular space 4 is defined between the formwork 3 and a wall 21 of the cavity 2; wherein the annular space 4 is at least partially filled with concrete and has a cross-section in the form of an annular crown as shown in Figure 3. The thickness of said circular crown will typically be comprised for example between 0.25 and 0, 50 m, but other more suitable dimensions are not ruled out according to needs
    Preferably said formwork 3 is a tube of synthetic material, specifically a corrugated tube of plastic material such as for example PVC or HDPE; it will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that other types of tubes may be used to achieve a lost formwork 3 according to the invention. It should be noted that the longitudinal lines of the relief of the corrugated tube have not been shown to improve the understanding of the invention.
    It can be seen that a reinforcement 41 has been provided in the annular space 4, this reinforcement 41 will be made of corrugated steel but may be replaced by other elements according to the demands of the project. In Figure 2, some sections of the armor 41 have not been represented for reasons of clarity.
    Advantageously, the armature 41 is linked to the formwork 3 with joining means 5 comprising in the present embodiment a connection element 51 between the armature 41 and the formwork 3, in which the connection element 51 has at least one elongated body with two end sections 52 parallel to each other and connected to each other with a central section 53 describing an angle with respect to the end sections 52; the angle will preferably be between 90 ° and 180 °, and more preferably it will be 135 °. The defined shape of this connecting element 51 allows the possible stresses generated during the construction of the foundation pile 1 to be absorbed.
    It can be seen in FIG. 4 that each of the end sections 52, respectively, is linked to the formwork 3 and the reinforcement 41. To facilitate the connection between the connecting element 51 and the formwork, the joining means 5 additionally comprise minus a clamp 54 arranged between the formwork 3 and one of the end sections 52 of the connection element 51, if the formwork tube 3 was made of a material suitable for welding with the connection element 51, the clamp 54 would not be necessary. In this case, the clamp 54 will preferably be metallic to allow welding with one of the end sections.
    52. The connection between the connecting element 51 and the armature 41 will preferably be by welding.
    The use of these connecting elements 51, arranged at different levels in the foundation pile 1, prevents the displacement of the formwork 3 due to the buoyant forces induced by the thrust of the fresh concrete, together with the filling material that acts as a ballast of the formwork. In addition, the separation distance between the formwork 3 and the cavity 2 is stabilized, ensuring uniformity in the size of the annular space 4 received by the reinforcement 41 and the concrete.
    In order to obtain the foundation pile 1, the users will carry out a method for the construction of the foundation pile 1 in the cavity 2 preferably excavated. The excavation of the cavity 2 can be carried out in any type of terrain and by any excavation technique that is appropriate.
    The method comprises the positioning of at least one formwork 3 in the cavity 2 such that the annular space 4 is defined as a pipe between the formwork 3 and the wall 21 of the cavity 2, the reinforcement 41 being placed in the annular space 4 and said reinforcement 41 is linked to formwork 3, in which concrete (not shown) is poured into the annular space 4. Any commercially available concrete may be used with the help of "tremie" pipes although in the present description a self-compacting concrete. This self-compacting concrete has a thixotropic behavior that allows reducing hydrostatic forces and therefore the lifting forces and on the other hand avoids the use of a “tremie” tube that is necessary with other concretes.
    The present method also comprises the pouring of filler material (not shown) into a recess 6 of the formwork 3; wherein the pouring of filler material is preferably a granular material. This filler material contributes to resist buoyant forces and may come, for example, from the extracted material.
    5 during the excavation of the cavity 2.
    To reduce the duration of the present method, the concrete can be poured simultaneously to the filling material. The filling material will be poured preferably with a tremie tube, establishing in each specific project a
    10 filling speed of sand or other granular material.
    As in any other pile construction, it is foreseen that auscultation ducts (not shown) arranged along the annular space 4 and even some pressure cell (not shown) can be placed for concrete arranged on
    15 formwork 3. Figure 4 shows an extensometric device 55 associated with connection element 51.
    The details, shapes, dimensions and other accessory elements, as well as the materials used in the manufacture of the foundation pile of the method of
    The invention may be conveniently substituted by others that do not depart from the scope defined by the claims set forth below.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    one. Method for obtaining a foundation pile (1) in a cavity (2) preferably excavated, characterized in that it comprises the positioning of at least one formwork (3) in the cavity (2) such that a annular space (4) as a pipe between the formwork (3) and a wall (21) of the cavity (2), placing a reinforcement (41) in the annular space (4) and linking said reinforcement (41) to the formwork (3), in which concrete is poured into the annular space (41), further comprising the pouring of filler material into a recess (6) of the formwork (3).
    [2]
    2. Method for obtaining a foundation pile (1) according to claim 1 wherein the filler material is granular.
    [3]
    3. Method for obtaining a foundation pile (1) according to any of the preceding claims in which concrete is poured simultaneously to the filling material.
    [4]
    Four. Method for obtaining a foundation pile (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the concrete is of the self-compacting type.
    [5]
    5. Foundation pile (1) obtained by the method according to any of the preceding claims in a cavity (2) preferably excavated, characterized in that it comprises a formwork (3) positioned in the cavity (2) as defined by less an annular space (4) in the form of a pipe between the formwork (3) and the wall (21) of the cavity (2), a reinforcement (41) having been provided in the annular space (4) and the armature being connected ( 41) to the formwork (3) with joining means (5), in which the annular space (4) is at least partially filled with concrete.
    [6]
    6. Foundation pile according to claim 5, wherein the formwork (3) is a tube of synthetic material.
    [7]
    7. Foundation pile according to claim 6, wherein the formwork is a corrugated tube of plastic material.
    [8]
    8. Foundation pile according to any of claims 5-7, wherein the joining means (5) comprise at least one connecting element (51) between the frame (41) and the formwork (3), wherein the connecting element (51) has at least one elongated body with two end sections (52) parallel to each other and connected
    5 with each other with a central section (53) describing an angle with respect to the end sections (52), each of the end sections (52) being linked respectively with the formwork (3) and the reinforcement (41).
    [9]
    9. Foundation pile according to claim 8, wherein the joining means (5)
    10 additionally comprise at least one clamp (54) disposed between the formwork (3) and one of the end sections (52) of the connecting element (51).
    [10]
    10. Foundation pile according to claim 9, wherein the angle is between 90 ° and 180 °.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2555702B1|2016-10-14|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3254492A|1961-10-13|1966-06-07|Menard Louis|Casting of piles in situ|
    US4075859A|1976-07-12|1978-02-28|Guild Charles L|Composite pile and tapered concrete tip therefor|
    SU777144A1|1978-09-27|1980-11-07|Киевский Отдел Всесоюзного Научно- Исследовательского Института Гидромеханизации, Санитарно-Технических И Специальных Строительных Работ |Method of making built-in-place pile-casing|
    JPS57155425A|1981-03-18|1982-09-25|Komatsu Ltd|Manufacture of hollow pile|
    US20140026518A1|2011-04-30|2014-01-30|Anhui Expressway Holding Group Co., Ltd.|Construction method for root-type foundation anchorage and bored, root-type cast in-situ pile with anchor bolts|
    CN203049570U|2012-12-31|2013-07-10|中国建筑西南勘察设计研究院有限公司|Deep-buried round thin-wall hollow anti-slide pile|CN112746612A|2020-12-26|2021-05-04|北京工业大学|C-shaped tightening combined steel template system for manually excavated annular foundation pile and construction method|
    法律状态:
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